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Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics

Received: 26 April 2016     Accepted: 3 June 2016     Published: 20 June 2016
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Abstract

Background: Rat permanent coronary artery ligation is surgical model mimicking coronary artery ischemia and myocardial infarct (MI) injury, both sequels of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this publication is to provide comprehensive, detailed description of rat load-dependent and independent hemodynamic assessment at baseline and at 28 days post-myocardial ischemia and remodeling. Materials and Methods: the detailed depiction of rat-MI model is followed by a thorough assessment of hemodynamics by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and invasive pressure-volume (PV) catheterization. Results: Quantification of post-MI using 2D M-mode showed a significant increase in end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions with a decrease of fractional shortening. PV load-dependent hemodynamics at 28 days showed a rightward shift of PV loop on the volume axis, characterized by an increase of LVEDV; (319±73 vs. 215±79 µl; P<0.001) and the LVESV (157±39 vs. 57±28 µl; P<0.001). Both dpdtmax and ESP were significantly influenced by decreasing the number of myocytes, leading to a significant decrease of dpdtmax (5786±1443 vs. 9609±4126 mmHg; P<0.01) and ESP (91.5±12 vs. 108.2±13 mmHg; P<0.001). Loss of contractile myocytes had an effect on the cardiac output (CO) and ejection fraction (EF); (49±12 vs. 68±3.5 ml/min; P<0.05) and (50±8.5 vs. 76±4.9 % P<0.001). Diastolic dysfunction had a major influence on LV lusitropy at day 28 post-MI characterized by prolonged LV filling at higher LVEDP (9.1±2.9 vs. 5.18±2.5 % P<0.01), higher Tau values, time to peak filling and dpdt min (-4850±1062 vs. 5876±1443 mmHg; P<0.001). Using histopathology, calculated HW/BW ratio (g/mg) (3.1±0.22 vs. 3.82±0.39; P<0.001), reflected hypertrophy of post-remodeled myocardium. Conclusion: Heart failure (HF) post-permanent coronary artery ligation influences both systolic and diastolic hemodynamics. Comprehensive assessment of modeled HF using load-dependent and independent indices enables its clinical translation.

Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12
Page(s) 40-51
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation, Rat Model, Echocardiography, Invasive Pressure-Volume Hemodynamics

References
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Cite This Article
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    Filip Konecny. (2016). Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences, 2(3), 40-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12

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    Filip Konecny. Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. Sci. 2016, 2(3), 40-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12

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    AMA Style

    Filip Konecny. Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics. Int J Clin Exp Med Sci. 2016;2(3):40-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12,
      author = {Filip Konecny},
      title = {Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics},
      journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
      volume = {2},
      number = {3},
      pages = {40-51},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20160203.12},
      abstract = {Background: Rat permanent coronary artery ligation is surgical model mimicking coronary artery ischemia and myocardial infarct (MI) injury, both sequels of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this publication is to provide comprehensive, detailed description of rat load-dependent and independent hemodynamic assessment at baseline and at 28 days post-myocardial ischemia and remodeling. Materials and Methods: the detailed depiction of rat-MI model is followed by a thorough assessment of hemodynamics by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and invasive pressure-volume (PV) catheterization. Results: Quantification of post-MI using 2D M-mode showed a significant increase in end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions with a decrease of fractional shortening. PV load-dependent hemodynamics at 28 days showed a rightward shift of PV loop on the volume axis, characterized by an increase of LVEDV; (319±73 vs. 215±79 µl; P<0.001) and the LVESV (157±39 vs. 57±28 µl; P<0.001). Both dpdtmax and ESP were significantly influenced by decreasing the number of myocytes, leading to a significant decrease of dpdtmax (5786±1443 vs. 9609±4126 mmHg; P<0.01) and ESP (91.5±12 vs. 108.2±13 mmHg; P<0.001). Loss of contractile myocytes had an effect on the cardiac output (CO) and ejection fraction (EF); (49±12 vs. 68±3.5 ml/min; P<0.05) and (50±8.5 vs. 76±4.9 % P<0.001). Diastolic dysfunction had a major influence on LV lusitropy at day 28 post-MI characterized by prolonged LV filling at higher LVEDP (9.1±2.9 vs. 5.18±2.5 % P<0.01), higher Tau values, time to peak filling and dpdt min (-4850±1062 vs. 5876±1443 mmHg; P<0.001). Using histopathology, calculated HW/BW ratio (g/mg) (3.1±0.22 vs. 3.82±0.39; P<0.001), reflected hypertrophy of post-remodeled myocardium. Conclusion: Heart failure (HF) post-permanent coronary artery ligation influences both systolic and diastolic hemodynamics. Comprehensive assessment of modeled HF using load-dependent and independent indices enables its clinical translation.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Experimental Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation Using Echocardiography and Invasive Real-Time Pressure-Volume (PV): A Practical Tips to Evaluate Rat Hemodynamics
    AU  - Filip Konecny
    Y1  - 2016/06/20
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12
    T2  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
    SP  - 40
    EP  - 51
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-8032
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20160203.12
    AB  - Background: Rat permanent coronary artery ligation is surgical model mimicking coronary artery ischemia and myocardial infarct (MI) injury, both sequels of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this publication is to provide comprehensive, detailed description of rat load-dependent and independent hemodynamic assessment at baseline and at 28 days post-myocardial ischemia and remodeling. Materials and Methods: the detailed depiction of rat-MI model is followed by a thorough assessment of hemodynamics by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and invasive pressure-volume (PV) catheterization. Results: Quantification of post-MI using 2D M-mode showed a significant increase in end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions with a decrease of fractional shortening. PV load-dependent hemodynamics at 28 days showed a rightward shift of PV loop on the volume axis, characterized by an increase of LVEDV; (319±73 vs. 215±79 µl; P<0.001) and the LVESV (157±39 vs. 57±28 µl; P<0.001). Both dpdtmax and ESP were significantly influenced by decreasing the number of myocytes, leading to a significant decrease of dpdtmax (5786±1443 vs. 9609±4126 mmHg; P<0.01) and ESP (91.5±12 vs. 108.2±13 mmHg; P<0.001). Loss of contractile myocytes had an effect on the cardiac output (CO) and ejection fraction (EF); (49±12 vs. 68±3.5 ml/min; P<0.05) and (50±8.5 vs. 76±4.9 % P<0.001). Diastolic dysfunction had a major influence on LV lusitropy at day 28 post-MI characterized by prolonged LV filling at higher LVEDP (9.1±2.9 vs. 5.18±2.5 % P<0.01), higher Tau values, time to peak filling and dpdt min (-4850±1062 vs. 5876±1443 mmHg; P<0.001). Using histopathology, calculated HW/BW ratio (g/mg) (3.1±0.22 vs. 3.82±0.39; P<0.001), reflected hypertrophy of post-remodeled myocardium. Conclusion: Heart failure (HF) post-permanent coronary artery ligation influences both systolic and diastolic hemodynamics. Comprehensive assessment of modeled HF using load-dependent and independent indices enables its clinical translation.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

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